Passive optical networks are characterized by the "splitting" of the optical fiber one or more times in the field, resulting in the sharing of the optical fiber amongst multiple users. The fiber in a PON is typically shared with 16 to 32 users. Hence the bandwidth of the fiber originating at the CO/HE is shared among a group of users. The splitting of the network is accomplished by an optical splitter. These Optical Fiber Splitters can split the fiber 2 to 32 times and, by their nature, introduce inherently high losses in the network. Therefore, their use is limited due to the power budget consideration of the network.
The splitter has a great effect of increasing network reliability. A single 1 x 32 splitter has less loss than 1 x 2 and 1 x 16 or 1 x 4 fiber splitter and 1 x8 cascaded splitters or any combination of 1 x 16 or fiber splitter 1 x 4 and 1 x8 cascaded splitters in the network. With the evolution of optical networks, the need for multiple distributions of optical signals is crucial. For this application TELNET, S.A. offers its range of single mode and multimode fiber splitter. These couplers or splitters are used to split the input signal into N output branches with minimum loss.
Functions of various fiber optic splitter types are different.
PLC splitter
PLC splitter is one of fiber optic splitter types, and just its full name is planar lightwave circuit splitter, and it is made of silica optical waveguide technology. It has a good channel to channel uniformity, high reliability and small size which ranges of wide operating wavelength. and is widely used in PON networks to realize optical signal power management. And We Fiberstore provide a series of 1 x N and 2 x N splitters that all meet GR-1209-CORE and GR-1221-CORE and are certified by TLC for network development.
Fused Fiber Splitter
A fiber fused coupler is one of the most popular passive components for wavelength multi/demultiplexing or branching/combining of optical signal. They are used to split optical signals between two fibers, or to combine optical signals from two fibers into one fiber. Fused couplers do suffer from some disadvantage. Multimode fused couplers are mode dependent. Single fused couplers only transmit one mode, so they do not suffer from mode dependency. However, they are highly wavelength dependent. A difference in wavelength of which the fused fiber coupler will be used.
FS fused fiber couplers are available in a range of wavelengths, fiber sizes, and splitting ratios. Standards configurations are one by two and two by two couplers. N by M couplers, such as one by three, or one by four and so on are also available on request.
FTTH splitter
As for another passive optical splitter, FTTH splitter, these couplers/splitters are very often used in CATV networks. The Plastic splitter box is used for fiber cable and fiber communication equipment connection. It has redundant space for pigtails and adapters after up to 48 fusion splicing. FTTH splitter is suitable for the ABS or LGX packed splitters to protect the connection between fiber cable and pigtails, and mainly for FTTH projects to be wall mount or rack mount fiber splitter, which is realizing the function of fiber splitter, splicing, distribution and FTTH cable configuration. This kind of splitter always used together with a FTTH Box
Except for these three types, there are some other splitters like FBT Splitter. For sure, a splitter is often equipped with a Optical Splitter Box. To work normally, the Terminal Boxes are also indispensable. Optical Fiber Terminal Box and Fiber Distribution Box may need a Optical Fast Connector or Optical Quick Connector for great effect as well.